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SQL Set Operators

SQL Set Operators   Traditional Set Operators: Union Compatibility:     Requirement for the traditional set operators.    Strong requirement.                         - Same number of columns.                         - Each corresponding column is compatible.                         - Positional correspondence.     Apply to similar tables by removing columns first. SQL UNION Example:           Example 1: Retrieve basic data about all university people.                     SELECT FacNo AS PerNo, FacFirstName                                      ...

Correction For ERD

 d. For each consistency error in Figure 1, you should identify the consistency rule violated and suggest possible resolutions of the error. The ERD has generic names to help will concentrate on finding diagram errors rather than focusing on the meaning of the diagram.



Answer:


            Entity6 is violation of the Primary key rule. As there are 3 attributes from within Entity6 that are marked as primary key. Entity6 also violates the Identifying relationship rule, as there is no foreign key in the Entity6 table to identify the item from Entity7. Since this a weak entity type, the cardinality must be 1:1, which it is not. Entity2 is a violation of the Identifying relationship rule due to it not being a weak entity type when there is an identifying relationship.











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SQL Set Operators

SQL Set Operators   Traditional Set Operators: Union Compatibility:     Requirement for the traditional set operators.    Strong requirement.                         - Same number of columns.                         - Each corresponding column is compatible.                         - Positional correspondence.     Apply to similar tables by removing columns first. SQL UNION Example:           Example 1: Retrieve basic data about all university people.                     SELECT FacNo AS PerNo, FacFirstName                                      ...

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Entity • Object that exists and that can be distinguished from other objects  • Can be person, place, event, object, concept in the real world  • Can be physical object or abstraction  • Entity instance is a particular person, place, etc.  • Entity type is a category of entities  • Entity set is a collection of entities of same type-must be well-defined  • In E-R diagram, rectangle represents entity set. Data Modeling Concepts: Entity:      Entity instance – a single occurrence of an entity. Data Modeling Concepts: Degree: A ssociative entity – an entity that inherits its primary key from more than one other entity (called parents). Each part of that concatenated key points to one and only one instance of each of the connecting entities. Attributes: • Defining properties or qualities of entity type. • Represented by oval on E-R diagram. • Domain – set of allowable values for attribute.         ...